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"The Dawn of Unity: Dab-Sadaat and Kot Diji in 2640 BCE - Cultural Integration in the Early Indus Valley"
In the mid-3rd millennium BCE, the Indus Valley Civilization was in its formative stages, gradually evolving into one of the world's first great urban cultures. Around 2640 BCE, archaeological evidence suggests a significant cultural unification between two key early settlements: Dab-Sadaat (in modern-day Iran's Sistan region) and Kot Diji (in present-day Pakistan).
Excavations reveal striking similarities between the two regions in:
- Pottery: Shared geometric and zoomorphic motifs, as well as manufacturing techniques.
- Architecture: Use of standardized bricks and defensive structures.
- Trade Networks: Exchange of materials like lapis lazuli and carnelian, indicating early economic ties.
This period (circa 2700-2600 BCE) marks the transition from regional cultures to a more unified Early Harappan Phase. The blending of Dab-Sadaat and Kot Diji traditions suggests:
- A growing exchange of ideas across the Indus Valley and its peripheries.
- The foundation for later Harappan urbanization, including cities like Mohenjo-Daro and Harappa.
While the cultural connections are clear, the exact nature of this unity—whether through trade, migration, or political integration—remains debated. Some scholars argue for a gradual convergence rather than a single "event."
The cultural synthesis of Dab-Sadaat and Kot Diji around 2640 BCE represents a crucial step in the Indus Valley's development, foreshadowing its golden age. This era laid the groundwork for one of antiquity's most sophisticated civilizations.
(Note: Precise dating in this period relies on pottery typology and limited radiocarbon data, so interpretations may evolve with new discoveries.)
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