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The Founding of Dhanyawadi - A Dawn in Arakanese History (1507 BCE)
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In the year 1507 BCE, according to traditional Arakanese (Rakhine) chronicles, the Kingdom of Dhanyawadi was established in what is now modern-day Rakhine State, Myanmar. This early kingdom is considered one of the first major political entities in the region and holds a significant place in the history of Southeast Asia.
The founding of Dhanyawadi is steeped in myth and legend. Arakanese chronicles, such as the Rakhine Razawin (Annals of Rakhine), claim that the kingdom was established by King Marayu, a semi-legendary figure said to have descended from the Sakya clan of India—the same lineage as the Buddha. According to tradition, Marayu married a naga (serpent-dragon) princess, symbolizing the union between indigenous peoples and incoming settlers, possibly from the Indian subcontinent.
Dhanyawadi was located in the fertile Kaladan River valley, a region conducive to rice cultivation and trade. Its strategic position between India and mainland Southeast Asia allowed it to develop as a cultural and commercial hub. The kingdom is believed to have practiced an early form of Hinduism and Buddhism, influenced by Indian traditions.
While written records from this period are scarce and often legendary, archaeological findings—such as the remnants of city walls, coins, and religious artifacts—support the existence of an early urban center in the region. The famous Mahamuni Buddha image, later enshrined in Mandalay, is traditionally believed to have originated in Dhanyawadi, though its exact dating remains debated.
Dhanyawadi laid the foundation for subsequent Arakanese kingdoms, including Vesali (4th-8th century CE) and Mrauk U (15th-18th century CE). Its history, though partly obscured by legend, remains a crucial part of Rakhine identity and Myanmar's historical narrative.
Note: Historical accuracy for this period relies heavily on later chronicles and limited archaeology. Further research may refine our understanding of Dhanyawadi's true origins and influence.
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